Bariatric surgery is a group of procedures performed for the treatment of obesity. Its primary goal is to aid weight loss by altering the digestive system. There are different types of bariatric surgeries, but they generally work by reducing the size of the stomach and/or changing the way the small intestine digests and absorbs food, leading to reduced food intake or carbohydrate and fat absorption.

Common types of bariatric surgeries include sleeve gastrectomy, gastric bypass, and biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch. There are more such procedures performed all over the world with variations in how the stomach size is reduced or how the intestines are bypassed, many may be done as a part of the study as their effects and side effects are yet to be studied. These surgeries are typically considered for individuals who have a high body mass index or have obesity-related health issues like type 2 diabetes or high blood pressure that haven’t responded well to other treatments.

Almost all bariatric surgeries are done laparoscopically or robotically except in some special conditions.

Bariatric surgery isn’t a quick fix and is performed only when medically indicated. It requires lifestyle changes in diet and exercise for long-term success. It leads to substantial weight loss and improvements in obesity-related conditions, but it also carries risks and requires long-term medical supervision.